Optimal. Leaf size=67 \[ \frac {x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}+\frac {4 a \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A]
time = 0.03, antiderivative size = 67, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 4, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 22, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.182, Rules used = {1599, 736, 632,
212} \begin {gather*} \frac {x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}+\frac {4 a \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 212
Rule 632
Rule 736
Rule 1599
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^6}{\left (a x^2+b x^3+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx &=\int \frac {x^2}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2} \, dx\\ &=\frac {x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}-\frac {(2 a) \int \frac {1}{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx}{b^2-4 a c}\\ &=\frac {x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}+\frac {(4 a) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{b^2-4 a c-x^2} \, dx,x,b+2 c x\right )}{b^2-4 a c}\\ &=\frac {x (2 a+b x)}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}+\frac {4 a \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}}\\ \end {align*}
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mathematica [A]
time = 0.06, size = 81, normalized size = 1.21 \begin {gather*} \frac {b^2 x+a (b-2 c x)}{c \left (-b^2+4 a c\right ) (a+x (b+c x))}+\frac {4 a \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {-b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{\left (-b^2+4 a c\right )^{3/2}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [A]
time = 0.03, size = 97, normalized size = 1.45
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {-\frac {\left (2 a c -b^{2}\right ) x}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}+\frac {a b}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}}{c \,x^{2}+b x +a}+\frac {4 a \arctan \left (\frac {2 c x +b}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}}\right )}{\left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\) | \(97\) |
risch | \(\frac {-\frac {\left (2 a c -b^{2}\right ) x}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}+\frac {a b}{c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )}}{c \,x^{2}+b x +a}+\frac {2 a \ln \left (\left (-8 c^{2} a +2 b^{2} c \right ) x +\left (-4 a c +b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}-4 a b c +b^{3}\right )}{\left (-4 a c +b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}-\frac {2 a \ln \left (\left (8 c^{2} a -2 b^{2} c \right ) x +\left (-4 a c +b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}+4 a b c -b^{3}\right )}{\left (-4 a c +b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}}\) | \(160\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: ValueError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 183 vs.
\(2 (63) = 126\).
time = 0.35, size = 387, normalized size = 5.78 \begin {gather*} \left [-\frac {a b^{3} - 4 \, a^{2} b c + 2 \, {\left (a c^{2} x^{2} + a b c x + a^{2} c\right )} \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} \log \left (\frac {2 \, c^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, b c x + b^{2} - 2 \, a c - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} {\left (2 \, c x + b\right )}}{c x^{2} + b x + a}\right ) + {\left (b^{4} - 6 \, a b^{2} c + 8 \, a^{2} c^{2}\right )} x}{a b^{4} c - 8 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{3} c^{3} + {\left (b^{4} c^{2} - 8 \, a b^{2} c^{3} + 16 \, a^{2} c^{4}\right )} x^{2} + {\left (b^{5} c - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{3}\right )} x}, -\frac {a b^{3} - 4 \, a^{2} b c - 4 \, {\left (a c^{2} x^{2} + a b c x + a^{2} c\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} {\left (2 \, c x + b\right )}}{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}\right ) + {\left (b^{4} - 6 \, a b^{2} c + 8 \, a^{2} c^{2}\right )} x}{a b^{4} c - 8 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{3} c^{3} + {\left (b^{4} c^{2} - 8 \, a b^{2} c^{3} + 16 \, a^{2} c^{4}\right )} x^{2} + {\left (b^{5} c - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{3}\right )} x}\right ] \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 280 vs.
\(2 (61) = 122\).
time = 0.32, size = 280, normalized size = 4.18 \begin {gather*} - 2 a \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} \log {\left (x + \frac {- 32 a^{3} c^{2} \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} + 16 a^{2} b^{2} c \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} - 2 a b^{4} \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} + 2 a b}{4 a c} \right )} + 2 a \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} \log {\left (x + \frac {32 a^{3} c^{2} \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} - 16 a^{2} b^{2} c \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} + 2 a b^{4} \sqrt {- \frac {1}{\left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}}} + 2 a b}{4 a c} \right )} + \frac {a b + x \left (- 2 a c + b^{2}\right )}{4 a^{2} c^{2} - a b^{2} c + x^{2} \cdot \left (4 a c^{3} - b^{2} c^{2}\right ) + x \left (4 a b c^{2} - b^{3} c\right )} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [A]
time = 3.69, size = 88, normalized size = 1.31 \begin {gather*} -\frac {4 \, a \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, c x + b}{\sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}\right )}{{\left (b^{2} - 4 \, a c\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}} - \frac {b^{2} x - 2 \, a c x + a b}{{\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} {\left (c x^{2} + b x + a\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mupad [B]
time = 2.13, size = 135, normalized size = 2.01 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\frac {x\,\left (2\,a\,c-b^2\right )}{c\,\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}-\frac {a\,b}{c\,\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}}{c\,x^2+b\,x+a}-\frac {4\,a\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {\left (\frac {2\,a\,\left (b^3-4\,a\,b\,c\right )}{{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^{5/2}}-\frac {4\,a\,c\,x}{{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^{3/2}}\right )\,\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}{2\,a}\right )}{{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^{3/2}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________